A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge regarding Pre-menstural syndrome among Adolescent Girls in selected Community area in the year 2020

 

Mrs. Varinderpal Kaur¹, Ms. Anubala², Ms. Harpreet Kaur², Ms. Kavisha Yadav²,
Ms. Kumari Renu², Ms. Priya Kumari², Ms. Sapna Adhikari², Ms. Sweety Tomar²,
Ms. T. Karthika², Ms. Varsha Devi²

¹Assistant Professor, Army College of Nursing, Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab.

²B. Sc Nursing 4^th Year, Army College of Nursing, Jalandhar Cantt, Punjab.

 

ABSTRACT:

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding pre-menstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in selected community area in the year 2020.The objectives of the study were (a) To assess the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding premenstrual syndrome. (b) To find out the relationship between knowledge and selected demographic variables regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls. (c) To develop self - instruction module regarding the management of premenstrual syndrome. The present study was conducted in various areas of community via online means due to pandemic situation. The sample of the study comprised of 100 adolescent girls aged between 11-18 years. A descriptive design was adopted to conduct the study. Samples were selected by convenient probability sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was administered to evaluate the knowledge of premenstrual syndrome. The findings of the study revealed that out of 100 samples, 8 samples that is 8% have poor knowledge, 60 samples that is 60% have average knowledge, 18 samples that is 18% are having good knowledge and 14 samples that is 14% are having excellent knowledge. the obtained chi square value in the variable such as age (X2= 2.401), type of community (X2= 2.5), religion (X2=5.37), total family income per month (X2= 2.86), nutritional habits (X2=1.536), age of menarche (X2= 1.536), source of information regarding PMS (X2=0.521) was smaller than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Hence there is no relationship between the knowledge and socio demographic variables.

 

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Premenstrual syndrome is a combination of physical and emotional symptoms that many women get after ovulation and before the start of their menstrual period. Researchers think that PMS happens in the days after ovulation because estrogen and progesterone levels begin falling dramatically if you are not pregnant. PMS symptoms go away within a few days after a woman’s period starts as hormone levels begin rising again. Severe PMS symptoms may be a sign of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. PMS goes away when you no longer get a period, such as after menopause. Women, whose mothers have had a history of PMS are more likely to report PMS (70%) in comparison to women with negative family history (37%). Premenstrual syndrome refers to a wide range of physical or emotional symptoms that typically occur about 5 to 11 days before a woman starts her monthly menstrual cycle. The symptoms usually stops when menstruation begins or shortly thereafter. Premenstrual syndrome may be related to socio culture, biological and psychological factors. Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical, behavioural or emotional symptoms. The most common emotional and mood-related symptoms of PMS include depression, irritability, tension, crying, over sensitivity (hypersensitivity), and mood swings with alternating sadness and anger. Physical discomforts include abdominal cramps, fatigue, bloating, breast tenderness (mastalgia), acne and weight gain. Behavioural symptoms include food cravings, poor concentration, social withdrawal, forgetfulness and decreased motivation.

 

OBJECTIVES:

·       To assess the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding premenstrual syndrome.

·       To find out the relationship between knowledge and selected demographic variables regarding premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls.

·       To develop self - instruction module regarding the management of premenstrual syndrome.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

A descriptive nonexperimental qualitative approach is selected in this study to assess the knowledge regarding Pre- Menstrual Syndrome among adolescent girls in selected community area across India. The study was conducted on adolescent girls aged 11-18 years. Tool was prepared to collect data and validated by experts which was divided in two section, section A Included demographic characteristics and section B included 25 structured questionnaire regarding premenstrual syndrome. A formal written permission letter was prepared and sign of Medical Officer Incharge of Cantonment Board was taken on it. The data gathering process began on 27 August 2020 to 29August 2020. Data was collected from 100 samples who met the inclusion criteria of the study. Initially, it was decided to take sample from Rural and urban community of Jalandhar Cantt but due to covid -19 pandemic, it was changed and convenient sampling technique was used and the samples were chosen from different states of India that is Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, TamilNadu and Punjab. The online consent was taken from sample. Online mode of data collection was used in which questionnaire was administered to samples in the form of Google forms in their email id and their responses were recorded online.

 

Inclusion Criteria includes:

·       Adolescent girls between the age group 11-18 years.

·       Adolescent girls who have attained menarche.

·       Adolescent girls who are willing to participate in the study.

 

Exclusion Criteria includes:

·       Adolescent girls who are not willing to participate in the study.

·       Adolescent girls who are not available at the time of data collection.

 

Scoring criteria of tool for assessment of knowledge

·       Excellent knowledge :21-25

·       Good knowledge :5-20

·       Average knowledge :10-14

·       Poor knowledge 9 or less then 9

 

RESULTS:

Findings related to demographic charteristics of participant:

In this study, it highlights that out of 100 samples, 8 samples that is 8% have poor knowledge, 60 samples that is 60% have average knowledge, 18 samples that is 18% are having good knowledge and 14 samples that is 14% are having excellent knowledge.

 

 

Findings related to knowledge regarding premenstrual syndrome:

Table 1: Association of knowledge and demographic variables.

 

DISCUSSION:

In this study, it highlights that out of 100 samples, 8 samples that is 8% have poor knowledge, 60 samples that is 60% have average knowledge, 18 samples that is 18% are having good knowledge and 14 samples that is 14% are having excellent knowledge. The obtained chi square value in the variable such as age (X2= 2.401), type of community (X2= 2.5), religion (X2=5.37), total family income per month (X2= 2.86), nutritional habits (X2=1.536), age of menarche (X2= 1.536), source of information regarding PMS (X2=0.521) was smaller than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Hence there is no relationship between the knowledge and socio demographic variables.

 

CONCLUSION:

The findings of the present study showed that knowledge on premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls was not adequate in most of the participants. Therefore, self-instruction module was given to adolescent girls to inhance knowledge among the community.

 

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Received on 27.01.2021          Modified on 14.02.2021

Accepted on 04.03.2021       ©A&V Publications All right reserved